Cuba's energy predicament is reaching a critical juncture, and the situation is only expected to worsen. The nation's reliance on Venezuelan oil has been a lifeline, but with recent US intervention, this supply chain is now at risk.
For years, Cuba has been grappling with an energy crisis, leading to frequent blackouts and gas shortages. The root cause lies in the country's underdeveloped transmission network, resulting in power plants operating below capacity and an energy supply that falls short of demand. This has forced Cubans to adapt, investing in alternative energy solutions like charcoal stoves and rechargeable batteries, adding to their financial burden.
In March of last year, Cuba's national electrical grid collapsed, leaving millions without power. Tourist hotels relied on generators, while others had no power at all. This sparked mass protests, with residents demanding action from the government.
Venezuela has been a key oil supplier to Cuba, despite its own declining production. Last year, Venezuela shipped an average of 26,500 barrels per day to Cuba, covering a significant portion of their oil deficit. However, since the US intervention in Venezuela, no oil cargoes have been sent to Cuba, putting immense pressure on the Cuban government to find alternative solutions.
President Donald Trump has warned Cuba, stating that they must sign an agreement with Washington to secure their oil supply. He has made bold statements, declaring, "THERE WILL BE NO MORE OIL OR MONEY GOING TO CUBA - ZERO!" and urging Cuba to make a deal before it's too late. Trump has also criticized Cuba's past reliance on Venezuela, suggesting that Cuba provided security services in return for oil and money.
Cuba's president, Miguel Diaz-Canel, has responded by asserting Cuba's independence and sovereignty, stating that they will not be dictated to. Meanwhile, Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodriguez emphasized their right to import fuel from any willing supplier.
With Venezuelan oil exports halted, Mexico has stepped in as Cuba's main oil supplier. According to a Financial Times article, Mexico surpassed Venezuela in 2025 as Cuba's primary oil source. However, Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum clarified that the increase in oil exports is not significant compared to previous years.
The Trump administration is not pleased with Mexico's ongoing oil exports to Cuba, and there is growing pressure on President Sheinbaum to reduce these shipments due to the upcoming review of the North American USMCA free trade agreement. Republican Congressman Carlos Giménez has issued a stern warning, stating that there will be serious consequences if Mexico continues to provide oil to Cuba.
As the threats intensify, several Latin American countries are feeling the pressure from the US to change their behavior. President Trump is urging Cuba to sign an agreement with Washington, while Mexico faces increasing scrutiny over its oil exports to Cuba.
The energy crisis in Cuba is a complex issue, and the potential loss of Venezuelan oil adds a layer of controversy. It remains to be seen how Cuba will navigate this challenging situation and find a long-term solution to its energy problems. What are your thoughts on this matter? Do you think Cuba will find a way to alleviate its energy crisis, and what role might other countries play in this process? Feel free to share your insights and opinions in the comments below!
